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A passive sensor is a device that detects and responds to some blazon of input from the physical environment.

Passive sensor technologies gather target data through the detection of vibrations, light, radiation, heat or other phenomena occurring in the subject's surroundings. They contrast with active sensors, which include transmitters that send out a signal, a light wavelength or electrons to exist bounced off the target, with data gathered past the sensor upon their reflection.

Both active and passive sensing technologies are ofttimes used to brand observations and measurements from a altitude or on a scale beyond those appreciable to the naked center. Sensors can also be used in harsh environments and places inaccessible to people.

Examples of passive sensor-based technologies include: Photographic, thermal, electric field sensing, chemical, infrared and seismic. However, as can exist the instance with some sensors, seismic and infrared calorie-free sensors exist in both active and passive forms.

Depending on what is existence sensed these various sensors might be mounted to a satellite, airplane, boat, submarine UAV drone, or from some other convenient indicate of observation such as a building top. The data gathered by remote sensing is used for everything from cartography to resource exploration to atmospheric and chemical measurements. Remote sensing is likewise one of the basic enabling technologies for the Internet of Things (IoT), in which almost any imaginable entity tin can be equipped with a unique identifier and the power to transfer data over a network apart.

Both types of sensors have benefits and drawbacks. Passive sensor technologies can't be detected by observed parties every bit they but sense what is in the environs rather than relying on a transmitter whose action might be detected with equipment. Agile sensors, all the same, can sometimes be used when passive sources of observations by sensor are incommunicable. This could be, for instance, when the ambient observed phenomena are not available to a CCD camera during the night. Active sensor technologies similar LiDAR or radar can all the same be used contained of daylight to make maps or track movement as they have their own radiations on which to base their observations.

This was last updated in September 2014

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